The Results of the Studies on the Effects of Increase in Femoral Anteversion Angle on Joints Loading, Kinetic and Kinematic Parameters
| Reference | Method | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Karabicak et al., 201615) | Patients: 12 subjects with CP (spastic CP diagnosis only right side; age, 5~8 years) Intervention: None Comparison: Functional balance was evaluated with pediatric balance scale Postural control was evaluated based on trunk control while sitting |
The results of this study confirmed the correlation between FA and dynamic reaching. No correlation between FA with functional balance, control of the trunk and static sitting balance. The results confirmed that FA dose not correlate with functional balance, static sitting and selective control of trunk. |
| Carriero et al., 200916) | Patients: 9 children with spastic diplegic CP (aged between 6~12 years). There was also a control group of 10 healthy children (6~13 years) Intervention: None Comparison: Morphological characteristic of bone was determined based on MRI. Morphological parameters include: bio-condylar angle, neck-shaft angle, anteversion angle and tibia torsion. Kinematic parameters determined based on gait analysis. |
In healthy children, hip adduction correlated with neck-shaft and bio-condylar angle. In CP pelvic obliquity correlated with neck-shaft angle and foot rotation with bio-condylar angle. In transverse plane, hip and pelvic rotational kinematics related to femoral anteversion in healthy and to tibial torsion in CP. |
| Heller et al., 200118) | Patients: 4 total hip arthroplasty patients with telemetric prostheses (11~31 months postoperatively) Intervention: None Comparison: Joint contact forces were determined during level walking and stair climbing |
Good agreement between hip contact forces calculated experimentally and numerically. Increase anteversion to an angle of 30 degrees increased hip contact forces and bending moment to 27%. Loading of proximal part of femur depends on anteversion of femur. |
| Carriero et al., 201117) | Patients: No participant, FE model was used Intervention: Change in morphology of femur and change in Coxa valga angle Comparison: Joint loading |
Understanding the role of loading in skeletal morphologic prevents bone deformities and improves function in children with gait deformities. |
| Amichai et al., 200919) | Patients: 18 CP subjects participated in this study (aged between 6 and 11 years). Intervention: Corrective surgery Comparison: Energy consumption of stair climbing was assessed. Functional walking was assessed using the FAQ scale Participants were assessed 3 times: 1 day before surgery, 6 months after surgery and 1 year after surgery. Range of motion of hip was evaluated in prone position |
Hip range of rotation improved after surgery. Moreover, energy consumption decreased after surgery. Therefore, it was conducted that CP patients may benefit from femoral de-rotation surgery. |
CP: cerebral palsy, FA: femural anteversion, FE: finite element, FAQ: Functional Assessment Questionnaire.
